Dynamic Multi-Depot Electric Vehicle Routing Problem With Vehicle-To-Vehicle (V2V) Charging in The Context Of Smart Cities

Abstract

This study investigates the Electric Vehicle Routing Problem with Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) charging in smart city logistics. It first analyzes mono-period scenarios with and without time windows using a CPLEX-based mathematical model to assess the impact of temporal constraints on routing performance. Then, it addresses a dynamic multi-period version using CPLEX and the Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) metaheuristic. Results highlight the trade-offs between planning flexibility, solution quality, and computational efficiency, offering insights for sustainable and collaborative urban transport systems .