Multi-Objective Multi-Depot Electric Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows and Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) Charging Constraints

Abstract

This thesis develops a multi-objective model for the Electric Vehicle Routing Problem with Soft Time Windows (EVRPSTW), integrating Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) charging. The model considers energy constraints, heterogeneous fleets, and mobile charging to reduce energy use and time window violations. Solved using both exact methods (CPLEX, Gurobi) and the NSGA-II metaheuristic combined with TOPSIS, the results show that the model is effective and scalable for smart, sustainable logistics planning.